According to Resier & Dempsey,

instructional design and technology is defined by

“the analysis of learning and performance problems

along with processes and resources to improve

learning and performance” (2018, p. 4-5)

○ World War II - the beginning of instructional design

○ Skinner - 1950’s - the programmed instruction movement

○ Mager - 1960’s - behavioral objectives

○ Gagne - 1965 - The Conditions of Learning

○ Systems Approach - 1970’s

○ Human Performance Improvement Movement - 1990’s

○ Increasing reliance on informal learning - Twenty-First Century